Cognitive Attention And Neural Processes Practice Test Practice Tests

Question 1

A neuron receives excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) of 2mV, 3mV, and 5mV, and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) of -1mV and -2mV. If the neuron's threshold for firing an action potential is 7mV, will the neuron fire? Show your calculation.

Accepted Answer

The neuron will not fire. The sum of EPSPs is 2mV + 3mV + 5mV = 10mV. The sum of IPSPs is -1mV + -2mV = -3mV. The net potential change is 10mV - 3mV = 7mV. Since the net potential change is equal to the threshold (7mV), the neuron will not fire because the threshold must be exceeded.

Question 2

Consider a neural network where neuron A connects to neuron B with a synaptic weight of 0.5, and neuron A fires at a rate of 20 Hz. If neuron B's firing rate is linearly proportional to the input it receives, what is the expected contribution to neuron B's firing rate due to neuron A's activity? Assume the baseline firing rate of neuron B is 0 Hz.

Accepted Answer

A. 10 Hz

Answer

B. 20 Hz

Answer

C. 0.5 Hz

Answer

D. 40 Hz

Question 3

Which of the following are characteristics of population coding?

Answer

Each object is represented by a single neuron

Answer

Robust to neuron loss

Answer

Expensive in terms of wiring and energy

Answer

Can represent many different aspects of a stimulus

Question 4

In sparse coding, each object is represented by the firing pattern of a large group of neurons, while others remain silent.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 5

In Treisman's attenuation model, if the attenuator reduces the strength of an unattended message by 50%, and the original signal strength of the message is 20 units, what is the signal strength of the attenuated message?

Accepted Answer

The signal strength of the attenuated message is 10 units. Calculation: 20 units * 0.5 = 10 units.

Question 6

According to perceptual load theory, if a high-load task consumes 80% of available attentional resources, and a distracting stimulus requires 30% of attentional resources to be fully processed, what percentage of the distracting stimulus will be processed?

Accepted Answer

B. 0%

Answer

A. 30%

Answer

C. 20%

Answer

D. 10%

Question 7

In Posner's cueing paradigm, if the probability of a valid cue is 0.8 and the probability of an invalid cue is 0.2, what is the expected value of reaction time improvement (in milliseconds) if a valid cue improves reaction time by 50ms and an invalid cue slows it down by 100ms?

Accepted Answer

30ms

Answer

10ms

Answer

20ms

Answer

40ms

Question 8

Suppose the activity level in the Fusiform Face Area (FFA) when viewing a face is modeled by the function $f(t) = 10 + 5e^{-0.1t}$, where $t$ is time in seconds after the face appears. If attention increases the activity level by 20%, what is the new function representing the FFA activity?

Accepted Answer

12 + 6e^{-0.1t}

Question 9

In a divided attention experiment, a participant's performance on Task A decreases by 10% and on Task B decreases by 20% when performed simultaneously compared to performing them individually. If Task A initially takes 500ms and Task B takes 400ms, what is the total additional time (in ms) spent on both tasks when performed together?

Accepted Answer

130ms

Answer

90ms

Answer

110ms

Answer

150ms

Question 10

If a task requires constant adaptation and cannot be automatized, then practice will significantly improve divided attention performance for that task.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

In an experiment on inattentional blindness, participants are asked to count the number of passes made by a basketball team wearing white shirts. If 50% of participants fail to notice a person in a gorilla suit walking across the screen, and the total number of participants is 100, how many participants noticed the gorilla?

Accepted Answer

50

Answer

25

Answer

75

Answer

100

Question 12

Suppose the probability of noticing a change in a scene is modeled by $P(t) = 1 - e^{-kt}$, where $t$ is the time spent observing the scene and $k = 0.1$. What is the probability of noticing the change after 10 seconds?

Accepted Answer

0.632

Question 13

Which of the following factors contribute to the difficulty of dividing attention between two tasks?

Answer

High task complexity

Answer

Extensive practice

Answer

Low task complexity

Answer

Lack of practice

Question 14

A driver is traveling at 25 m/s. They look at their phone for 2 seconds. Assuming they maintain a constant velocity, how far (in meters) do they travel while distracted?

Accepted Answer

50 meters

Answer

25 meters

Answer

75 meters

Answer

100 meters

Question 15

A study finds that using a hands-free device while driving increases reaction time by 0.5 seconds. If a car is traveling at 30 m/s, how much further (in meters) will it travel before the driver reacts, compared to when not distracted?

Accepted Answer

15 meters

Question 16

Spatial neglect always results in complete blindness in the affected visual field.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 17

A patient with spatial neglect is asked to bisect a line.  They mark the midpoint significantly to the right of the actual center. This behavior is most likely due to:

Accepted Answer

Ignoring the left side of the line.

Answer

Ignoring the right side of the line.

Answer

Visual acuity deficits.

Answer

Motor coordination problems.

Question 18

Which of the following are common symptoms of ADHD?

Answer

Difficulty paying attention

Answer

Impulsiveness

Answer

Hyperactivity

Answer

Increased focus on tasks

Question 19

A child with ADHD is given a task that requires sustained attention. They can maintain focus for an average of 10 minutes before becoming distracted. If the task is expected to take 45 minutes, how many breaks of 5 minutes each should be scheduled to maximize their focus, assuming focus resets after each break?

Accepted Answer

3 breaks

Question 20

If the probability of a driver being involved in an accident while texting is 0.05 and the probability of being involved in an accident while not texting is 0.01, what is the relative risk of an accident while texting compared to not texting? Express the answer as a ratio.

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

0.0005

Answer

0.2

Answer

6

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