Cardiovascular And Fluid Balance Comprehensive Review Practice Tests

Question 1

An S3 heart sound is most indicative of which condition?

Accepted Answer

C. Congestive Heart Failure

Answer

A. Hypertension

Answer

B. Aortic Stenosis

Answer

D. Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 2

Registered Nurses (RNs) are within their scope of practice to independently interpret electrocardiograms (EKGs).

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 3

Which of the following are essential pre-test nursing care actions for a patient undergoing cardiac catheterization?

Answer

Administering a diuretic

Answer

Obtaining informed consent

Answer

Checking CBC, PTT, and INR labs

Answer

Assessing for allergies to shellfish or mango

Answer

Encouraging vigorous exercise

Question 4

Which cardiac enzyme is the most specific and remains elevated for the longest duration following a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Accepted Answer

C. Troponin

Answer

A. CK-MB

Answer

B. Myoglobin

Answer

D. AST

Question 5

The sinoatrial (SA) node is considered the heart's primary what?

Accepted Answer

pacemaker

Question 6

Which of the following ventricular dysrhythmias requires immediate defibrillation?

Accepted Answer

D. Ventricular Fibrillation (V-fib)

Answer

A. Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs)

Answer

B. Sinus Tachycardia

Answer

C. First-degree AV block

Question 7

A patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving heparin intravenously. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?

Accepted Answer

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Answer

Prothrombin time (PT)

Answer

International normalized ratio (INR)

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Question 8

Unna boots are compression dressings impregnated with zinc oxide and are typically changed every 2-3 days.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 9

Which of the following assessment findings are characteristic of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)? Select all that apply.

Answer

Intermittent claudication

Answer

Edema in the affected extremity

Answer

Decreased or absent peripheral pulses

Answer

Bounding peripheral pulses

Answer

Pallor on elevation of the extremity

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with Buerger's disease. What is the most important intervention to recommend to the patient to manage this condition?

Accepted Answer

Smoking cessation

Question 11

A patient presents with sharp, stabbing chest pain that is relieved when leaning forward. An ECG shows ST elevation in all leads. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Pericarditis

Answer

Myocardial infarction

Answer

Angina pectoris

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Question 12

Which assessment finding is most indicative of cardiac tamponade?

Accepted Answer

Pulsus paradoxus

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Bounding peripheral pulses

Question 13

A patient with infective endocarditis is at risk for which of the following complications? Select all that apply.

Answer

Embolic events

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Cardiac murmurs

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with mitral stenosis. Which of the following pathophysiological changes is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Thickening of the mitral valve leaflets

Answer

Prolapse of the mitral valve leaflets

Answer

Incompetent mitral valve closure

Answer

Dilation of the left ventricle

Question 15

A patient with heart failure is receiving intravenous diuretics. Which electrolyte imbalance is the patient most at risk for developing?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Hypermagnesemia

Question 16

Which of the following assessment findings are indicative of fluid volume deficit (hypovolemia)? Select all that apply.

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Bounding pulse

Answer

Decreased urine output

Answer

Crackles in the lungs

Answer

Poor skin turgor

Question 17

Hyperventilation leads to respiratory acidosis.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 18

A patient's ABG results show a pH of 7.30, PaCO2 of 50 mmHg, and HCO3- of 24 mEq/L. What acid-base imbalance is present?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory acidosis

Question 19

A patient with chronic kidney disease is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hyponatremia

Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypocalcemia

Question 20

Which of the following is a common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged vomiting

Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Renal failure

Answer

Severe diarrhea

Cardiovascular And Fluid Balance Comprehensive Review Practice Tests

Practice Tests

Cardiovascular and Fluid Balance Comprehensive Review

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